In June 2020, WFP estimated that 758,000 people were at risk of falling into food insecurity due to the pandemic. Prior to COVID-19, approximately 4 percent of the population (2.1 million people) had insufficient food consumption, while an additional 21 percent had borderline food consumption. This comes on top of an already fragile situation due to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as pre-existing poverty and food and nutrition insecurity. The political crisis has led to countrywide instability, including protests, a nationwide general strike, a surge in conflict between various armed groups and the Tatmadaw, and closures or slowdowns in a number of sectors, including banking, healthcare, education and transportation. On 1 February 2021, the Tatmadaw (Myanmar military) staged a coup following allegations of fraud in the November 2020 elections, ousting the elected civilian government. More than one million Rohingya refugees from Myanmar currently live in Bangladesh, most of whom fled violence in October 2016 and August 2017. Over one million people have been displaced from their places of origin since June 2011, notably in Rakhine, Kachin and Shan states.
Following decades of military rule, the first civilian government was formed in 2016, albeit in a fragile context marred by long-term conflict in several areas of the country. High food insecurity rates are particularly prevalent in the isolated zones of Chin, Kachin, Rakhine and Shan states, as well as Sagaing Region, predominantly inhabited by ethnic minorities, and in many densely-populated areas of the Delta and the Dry Zone.Ĭonflict and political instability continue to hinder progress towards ending hunger and malnutrition. Women, girls, the elderly, persons with disabilities and minorities are particularly affected. It remains one of the least developed nations in the world, with the majority of people struggling with physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food. Myanmar faces complex political and socio-economic challenges which compromise the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal to end hunger (SDG 2).
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